Science sides with agriculture as global population booms

What is in this article?:

  • Suggestions on what agriculture needs to do to be more “environmentally friendly” are in abundance; most reports fall short in giving growers the rightful credit for the tremendous job they are now doing in keeping the world fed.
  • No matter how “sustainable” a project is, if it doesn’t make money it will eventually fail. Ask any farmer or rancher. If it isn’t profitable, it won’t be sustainable.
  • GMO foods currently on the market have passed risk assessments and no adverse human effects have been observed resulting from the consumption of such foods.

These days we hear a lot about what farmers need to do to improve agricultural environmental stewardship. At the same time, we all know that California growers will play a tremendous role in feeding an ever-increasing world population. While the suggestions on what agriculture needs to do to be more “environmentally friendly” are in abundance, most reports fall short in giving California growers the rightful credit for the tremendous job they are now doing in keeping the world fed.

Some people seem to think that farmers need to learn and adopt Best Management Practices (BMPs). This observation seems to miss the fact that BMPs have been routinely practiced in commercial farming for years. Consider the following: A full 90 percent of large commercial California growers are using sophisticated GPS systems to apply pesticides and fertilizers to their crops, thereby cutting down on product waste and off-target spraying, according to Big W Sales representatives in Stockton, who sell modern precision agriculture equipment; farmers are also investing in new automatic section controls and other modern farming equipment as they come online to reduce product waste, save money and protect the environment.

Additionally, BMPs currently practiced by growers focus on the management of inputs to provide economic, environmental and agronomic efficiency in production agriculture. Examples of BMPs include practices for the management of pests, nutrients and waste; vegetative and tillage practices, such as contour farming, cropping and rotational field sequences and windbreaks; and structural practices, such as terraces, grade stabilization and sediment control basins.

There is also a lot of discussion about how farmers should be moved to more organic systems by eliminating inorganic fertilizers and crop protection tools.  I would note that central to the science of agronomy is the topic of increasing crop yields and growing healthy plants that provide high nutritional value. While the debate will continue between organic and inorganic fertilizers one fact is clear: When it comes to feeding a hungry world, inorganic fertilizers are unsurpassed in their ability to provide high levels of nutrients to plants in an efficient and economical manner.

When comparing organic fertilizer sources with low-input conventional farms, the greenhouse gas emissions are about the same. And unlike conventional systems, the majority of organic cropping systems rely heavily on mechanized tillage for weed control, which increases erosion and soil carbon emissions.

And concerning energy expenditure, since the 1940s agricultural productivity has increased dramatically, largely because of the increased usage of energy-intensive mechanization, fertilizers and pesticides. It is true that the vast majority of this energy comes from fossil fuel sources. However, agricultural food systems in the percentage of energy expended in three industrialized states, for example, show that agriculture plays a very small role in overall energy consumption. The United Kingdom in 2005 used 1.9 percent of indirect and direct energy consumption; Sweden in 2000 used 2.5 percent; and the United States in 2002 used a paltry 2 percent. (U.S. figures come from “Energy Use in the U.S. Food System,” USDA Economic Research Service Report No. ERR-94.)

“Sustainability” has become a buzzword whose definition remains as unclear as its proponents’ goals. To some folks, a sustainable farm or ranch must not have an impact on the land, air or water. To others, sustainability has to do with the new technology they prefer over old technology.

Discuss this article 5

Science siding with agriculture seems to be at-odds in this writer's opinion. Agriculture, proven to be perfectly sustainable over time, has been hijacked by science and industrialists in fake overalls. Chemical inputs and fossil fuels are the foundation of today's so-called agri-science, neither of which is sustainable or healthy.

By Anonymous (not verified)  on Mar 9, 2011

yeah, industry (monsanto) backed science....that is about it.

By Anonymous (not verified)  on Mar 9, 2011

Whats really not sustainable and able to feed the world is organic agriculture. Theres a reason the Green Revolution changed the world for the better. Large numbers of people were starving before Norman Borlaug praised the use of pesticides and inorganic fertilizer. Why is oil/natural gas considered inorganic? Wasn't it formed by the decaying bodies of organisms that populated the Earth before our existence? You could bury your science and ignore the science but I prefer the science because it keeps me fed!

By Anonymous (not verified)  on Mar 14, 2011

I'm left wondering what, exactly, "science sides with agriculture" means. To what "science" does the writer refer? Fortunately, this promotional piece for inorganic fertilizers (Mr. Cornett is, after all, in the business of selling them) was published on the same day the UN Special Rapporteur on the Right to Food published the report, Agroecology and the Right to Food, the result of a lengthy study of hundreds of small scale agricultural programs worldwide that follow agroecological principles. These programs showed huge growth in yields after converting from conventional farming methods, such as monocropping with accompanying use of inorganic fertilizers, herbicides, and pesticides, to agroecological methods. The implications of the study are enormous, and confirm other research by the FAO, IAASTD, UNEP, UNCATD, the Rodale Institute, and Worldwatch Institute that show that agroecological farming can dramatically improve upon conventional yields, if given adequate support. While Mr. Cornett may be technically correct in stating that "inorganic fertilizers are unsurpassed in their ability to provide high levels of nutrients to plants in an efficient and economical manner," such fertilizers do nothing to improve the state of the soil itself (unlike agroecological methods), pollute our streams & groundwater, and are made from a finite and rapidly depleting resource - oil - which the IEA confirmed passed its peak world production in 2006. From here on out there will be more demand for the oil in a time of dwindling supply, and what remains is more difficult to reach and more environmentally devastating. And apparently Mr. Cornett does not believe in man-made climate change, as it doesn't merit much attention. It is absolutely ludicrous and irresponsible (at best) to discuss agriculture in this day and age without discussing climate change. Agriculture contributes 14% of man-made greenhouse gases to the atmosphere. Conversion of forest land to ag and pasture contributes an additional 18%. Add food processing and transportation and our food production system contributes nearly 50% of all greenhouse gases. Additionally, inorganic fertilizer use accounts for 38% of the overall agricultural greenhouse gas emissions. This MUST change or it will end us all. The increasing frequency of extreme weather events and decreasing predictability of precipitation are indelibly linked to climate change.
Agroecological (sustainable, non reliant on fossil fuels) ag methods are far more resilient in the face of climate change impacts.
Other points:
I too am proud of what our California farmers do - it's the most productive ag region the world has ever seen; but it is unsustainable. Period. Add looming water problems to the mix of what was not mentioned in this piece. I would like to point out that, we are not "keeping the world fed." There are now 1 billion people without sufficient food.
The writer's comparison of greenhouse gas emitting low-input conventional farms with "the majority of organic cropping systems" is a red herring. Most conventional farms in California are not low-input. And the vast majority of the agroecological projects studied in the UN report I mentioned use low- and no-till methodologies. Another UN report has unequivocally stated that the immediate large scale conversion to agroecological methods would allow agriculture worldwide to be carbon neutral by 2030.
Finally, the writer has touched upon an important distinction in his sustainability vs. profitability discussion. The U.S. and most of the rest of the world has recognized that each and every one of us has a right to adequate food. Period. Try and find profitability when we can no longer predict when rain will fall, floods will come, water is rationed or unusable due to pollution, and a barrel of oil tops $200. Good luck with that. But in the meantime, Mr. Cornett's got some fertilizer to move.

By RaucousRooster  on Mar 15, 2011

The use of mycorrhize multi specie inoculum and beneficial bacteria has proven itself for some 460 million years, it is the reason plants are still on this earth. The most sustainable practices for increased soil biology and sustaining your bottom line is now available to all farmers. Dramatic increase in nutrient efficiencies,by 30%, water savings by 40% and most importantly the antagonistic potential against disease that will reduce soil bourn diseases.
This is financial stability and exemplifies best farming practices for our future.
www.genesis-soils.com

By Bruce Coulthard (not verified)  on Mar 15, 2011
Post new comment
Sign In or register to use your Western Farm Press ID
(optional)

Continuing Education Courses
New Course
The 2,000-member Weed Science Society of America’s (WSSA) Herbicide Resistance Action...
New Course

The course details six of the primary diseases affecting citrus: Huanglongbing (Citrus...

Get the latest info on almond insect pest management. California: 2 Hours "Other"
Farmer-to-Farmer Used Equipment